Made in China
Written by Jeff Thredgold, President, Thredgold Economic Associates
July 18
You’ve heard the news about U.S. imports from China…
…tainted pet food…seafood containing dangerous chemicals…toys with toxic lead-based paint…faulty tires…toothpaste containing a thickening agent found in antifreeze (which also accounted for roughly 100 deaths in Panama last year when included in medicines)…and on and on
American imports from mainland China will exceed $300 billion this year. The U.S. trade imbalance (U.S. imports minus U.S. exports) in 2007 with the Chinese will exceed the $232 billion record established last year, the largest annual deficit ever recorded with any nation.
Prices
American consumers in recent years have largely enjoyed the low prices of merchandise produced in China, a development that has also forced other suppliers of goods to the U.S., as well as U.S. producers of similar goods, to keep prices competitive. The consumers’ focus has been on low prices…with quality or safety considerations on the back burner…until now.
Chinese authorities have spoken frequently in recent weeks and months about the high quality of Chinese goods, noting that recent problems were only minor exceptions. The Communist leadership recently took the step of executing the country’s former director of its drug regulatory agency for accepting bribes.
Timing
Heightened concern about the quality and safety of Chinese goods comes at an especially critical time for China. The nation will play host to the 2008 Olympic Summer Games. The Chinese people are immensely proud of this opportunity to impress the world, and are deeply concerned about negative press.
Extensive internal regulation regarding the quality of Chinese goods soon to be exported? Not happening. Too many small and nearly invisible Chinese firms create products for export and can be highly mobile to stay one step ahead of the authorities.
Tight regulation of Chinese goods entering the U.S.? While examination of a small share of goods does take place, limitations are many. Manpower (personpower?) is limited, even as the number of imported food items has tripled during the past ten years (The Wall Street Journal). Penalties for breaking the rules are modest.
Liability
Recent developments have seen various U.S. importers of tainted or faulty goods as bearing responsibility. Such financial liability will force U.S. companies who import goods from China to place greater pressure on Chinese goods producers to meet quality and safety requirements.
Japan
During the ’60s, the ’70s, and the ’80s, Japan was dealing with an embarrassing reputation for producing large quantities of junk for export to the world. The phrase “Made in Japan” was a warning to global consumers to think twice about product quality, regardless of an attractive price. Japan’s political and business leadership eventually rebranded “Made in Japan” into a phrase associated with high quality, especially for electronics and automobiles.
The Chinese economy is very export-dependent, as opposed to India where most of its economic performance is tied to internal demand. The Chinese leadership fears that a “Made in China” product identification could shift buyer consciousness from a formerly favorable view based upon product price to one where consumers are wary of any purchase at all.
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